To determine the number of hydrogen atoms in a given compound, we need to consider the molecular formula of the compound. In this case, the molecular formula is C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, which represents a carbohydrate called sucrose.
The subscript of 22 in H₂₂ indicates that there are 22 hydrogen atoms in one molecule of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁.
To calculate the number of moles of sucrose, we need to divide the given mass (34.2 g) by its molar mass.
The molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ can be calculated as follows: (12 g/mol × 12) + (1 g/mol × 22) + (16 g/mol × 11) = 342 g/mol
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass Number of moles = 34.2 g / 342 g/mol Number of moles = 0.1 mol
Since each mole of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ contains 22 moles of hydrogen atoms, we can calculate the number of hydrogen atoms as follows:
Number of H atoms = Number of moles × Avogadro's number × Number of H atoms in one molecule Number of H atoms = 0.1 mol × 6.022 × 10^23 mol⁻¹ × 22 Number of H atoms ≈ 1.33 × 10^24
Therefore, there are approximately 1.33 × 10^24 hydrogen atoms in 34.2 g of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁.