The existence of chemical elements with atomic numbers higher than those observed and synthesized so far is still an open question. While the periodic table has been extended beyond atomic number 100, it is important to note that elements beyond atomic number 118 have not been synthesized or observed experimentally
Theoretically, it is possible that elements with atomic numbers higher than those currently known could exist, but there are significant challenges in synthesizing and stabilizing such elements. As the atomic number increases, the stability of the elements becomes increasingly uncertain due to the strong electrostatic repulsion between protons in the nucleus.
The synthesis of superheavy elements relies on complex techniques such as nuclear fusion or particle bombardment. These experiments typically involve colliding two smaller nuclei together to form a heavier nucleus. However, as the atomic number increases, the fusion becomes more difficult due to the repulsive forces between the positively charged protons.
Additionally, the synthesis and observation of superheavy elements become more challenging because of their short half-lives. These elements tend to be highly unstable and rapidly decay into lighter elements through radioactive decay.
While there is ongoing research and speculation about the potential existence of elements with atomic numbers beyond what is currently known, further advancements in experimental techniques and understanding of nuclear physics are necessary to explore and verify their existence.