To determine the number of sulfur atoms contained in 4.00 grams of sulfur, we need to use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number.
The molar mass of sulfur (S) is approximately 32.06 grams per mole. This value represents the mass of one mole of sulfur atoms.
First, we calculate the number of moles of sulfur in 4.00 grams using the formula:
Number of moles = Mass (in grams) / Molar mass
Number of moles = 4.00 g / 32.06 g/mol ≈ 0.1248 moles
Next, we can use Avogadro's number, which states that there are 6.022 x 10^23 particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in one mole of a substance.
Finally, we multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number to obtain the number of sulfur atoms:
Number of sulfur atoms = Number of moles x Avogadro's number
Number of sulfur atoms ≈ 0.1248 moles x (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol)
Number of sulfur atoms ≈ 7.51 x 10^22 sulfur atoms
Therefore, approximately 7.51 x 10^22 sulfur atoms are contained in 4.00 grams of sulfur.