The basic parts of an atom are:
Nucleus: The nucleus is located at the center of the atom and contains two subatomic particles: protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge (they are neutral). Together, protons and neutrons form the majority of an atom's mass.
Electrons: Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus in specific energy levels or shells. They are much smaller and lighter than protons and neutrons. Electrons determine the chemical behavior of an atom and are involved in forming chemical bonds.
Protons: Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus. Each proton carries a positive electrical charge equal in magnitude to the negative charge of an electron. The number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number, which identifies the element.
Neutrons: Neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus along with protons. They have a similar mass to protons but carry no electrical charge. The number of neutrons in an atom can vary, leading to the existence of different isotopes of an element.
It is important to note that atoms are the building blocks of matter, and the arrangement and interaction of these basic parts give rise to the properties and behavior of different elements and compounds.