Albert Einstein, a renowned physicist and Jewish intellectual, left Germany and emigrated to the United States in 1933 due to the rise of the Nazi regime and the increasing persecution of Jewish people in Germany. The Nazis' ascent to power brought with it a wave of anti-Semitic policies and discrimination that threatened the safety and well-being of Einstein and many others.
Einstein had been an outspoken critic of the Nazis and their ideologies. As a prominent figure and a vocal opponent of authoritarianism and racism, he became a target of Nazi hostility. Einstein's theories of relativity were also dismissed as "Jewish physics" by the Nazis, who propagated anti-Semitic propaganda against him.
In March 1933, shortly after Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany, Einstein, who was in the United States at the time, decided not to return to Germany. He renounced his German citizenship and accepted a position at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. This move allowed him to escape the oppressive environment in Germany and continue his scientific work in a safer environment.
Einstein remained in the United States for the rest of his life, becoming a citizen in 1940. He continued his scientific research and also became involved in humanitarian and political activities, advocating for civil rights, pacifism, and international cooperation. His decision to emigrate from Germany was driven by the necessity to protect himself and his principles from the persecution and dangers posed by the Nazi regime.