Here are five examples of substances that can undergo sublimation, which is the direct transition from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase:
Dry Ice (Solid Carbon Dioxide): Dry ice is commonly used in theatrical productions, as well as for refrigeration and cooling purposes. It sublimes at a temperature of -78.5 degrees Celsius (-109.3 degrees Fahrenheit) and directly converts from a solid to a gas.
Mothballs (Naphthalene): Mothballs are solid balls or flakes used to repel moths and other insects. They gradually sublime, releasing a gas that repels these pests.
Camphor: Camphor is a white, waxy solid with a distinct aroma. It is commonly used in moth repellents and for medicinal purposes. When exposed to air, camphor sublimes and produces a gas.
Iodine: Iodine is a dark purple solid that can sublime when heated or exposed to sunlight. The solid iodine crystals directly convert into a purple vapor without melting into a liquid.
Ammonium chloride: Ammonium chloride, also known as sal ammoniac, is a white crystalline solid. When heated, it undergoes sublimation and transforms directly into a gas, without forming a liquid phase.
These examples demonstrate sublimation, which is a phase transition from a solid directly to a gas.