To make a 5% diluted solution of toluene and sulfuric acid, you will need to know the concentrations of the starting solutions of toluene and sulfuric acid that you have available. Let's assume you have a stock solution of toluene and a stock solution of sulfuric acid.
Here are the steps to create the 5% diluted solution:
Determine the required amount of the diluted solution you need. Let's say you want to prepare 100 mL of the diluted solution.
Decide on the desired ratio of toluene to sulfuric acid in the final diluted solution. For example, if you want equal parts of toluene and sulfuric acid by volume, you would use a 1:1 ratio.
Calculate the amount of each component needed based on the desired concentration and volume:
- Determine the volume of toluene required. Since the desired concentration is 5%, you would need 5 mL of toluene for every 100 mL of the final solution.
- Determine the volume of sulfuric acid required. If you are using a 1:1 ratio, you would also need 5 mL of sulfuric acid for every 100 mL of the final solution.
Measure the required volumes of toluene and sulfuric acid from their respective stock solutions using a pipette or graduated cylinder and transfer them to a suitable container, such as a beaker or a volumetric flask.
Once you have added the measured volumes of toluene and sulfuric acid, you can carefully add the necessary amount of water to reach the final desired volume. In this case, you would add water to make the total volume up to 100 mL.
Gently mix the solution to ensure proper dilution and uniform distribution of the components.
Remember to always follow proper safety precautions, such as wearing appropriate protective equipment and working in a well-ventilated area, when handling chemicals like toluene and sulfuric acid.