Helium is commonly used to inflate balloons instead of air due to its unique properties and advantages:
Lower density: While it is true that helium has a lower density than air, this property is actually the primary reason it is used for balloons. Helium is lighter than air, so when a balloon is filled with helium, it causes the balloon to float or rise in the air. This effect is known as buoyancy. In contrast, if a balloon were filled with air, which is denser, it would be heavier and not able to float as effectively.
Non-flammability: Helium is a non-flammable gas, which adds to its safety as a choice for balloon inflation. This is particularly important for balloons used in celebrations or events where open flames or heat sources may be present.
Inertness: Helium is chemically inert, meaning it does not readily react with other substances. This property ensures that helium does not degrade or damage the balloon material over time.
Non-toxic: Helium is non-toxic and considered safe for humans to inhale in small quantities. However, it is important to note that inhaling helium directly from a pressurized source can be dangerous and should be avoided.
Thermal conductivity: Helium has high thermal conductivity, which allows it to disperse heat more efficiently than air. This property is useful in certain scientific and industrial applications where precise temperature control is required.
Although helium has advantages for balloon inflation, it is important to note that helium is a limited resource on Earth. It is primarily obtained as a byproduct of natural gas extraction, and its availability and cost can vary. As a result, there are efforts to promote responsible use and conservation of helium resources.