Methane is a chemical compound that consists of a single carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. Its chemical formula is CH4, representing one carbon (C) atom and four hydrogen (H) atoms. Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon and is often referred to as natural gas when it occurs in its gaseous state. It is a colorless, odorless gas and is the primary component of natural gas, which is widely used as a fuel for heating and cooking. Methane is also a potent greenhouse gas and plays a significant role in climate change.