To determine the amount of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) needed to titrate the ammonia solution, we can use the balanced chemical equation between ammonia (NH3) and sulfuric acid:
2 NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4
From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of ammonia react with 1 mole of sulfuric acid to form 1 mole of ammonium sulfate.
Given: Concentration of H2SO4 = 0.100 mol/L Volume of H2SO4 = unknown (let's assume it as V1) Volume of ammonia solution = 10 mL = 10/1000 L = 0.01 L (converted to liters)
Since the molar ratio of H2SO4 to NH3 is 1:2, the moles of H2SO4 required will be half the moles of ammonia.
Moles of NH3 = concentration of NH3 × volume of NH3 = unknown (let's assume it as n1)
Moles of H2SO4 = 1/2 × moles of NH3 = 1/2 × n1
Using the equation for the moles of a substance:
moles = concentration × volume
Moles of H2SO4 = 0.100 mol/L × V1
Since the moles of H2SO4 and NH3 are equal:
0.100 mol/L × V1 = 1/2 × n1
V1 = (1/2 × n1) / (0.100 mol/L)
We know the volume of ammonia solution is 0.01 L, so the moles of ammonia can be calculated as:
Moles of NH3 = concentration of NH3 × volume of NH3 = concentration of NH3 × 0.01 L
Now we can substitute this value into the equation for V1:
V1 = (1/2 × concentration of NH3 × 0.01 L) / (0.100 mol/L)
After determining the concentration of the ammonia solution, you can calculate the required volume of H2SO4 accordingly.