To determine the percentage of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) in the organic compound, we need to calculate the masses of each element present in the given data and then calculate the percentages based on those masses.
Given: Mass of CO2 obtained = 1.63 g Mass of H2O obtained = 0.97 g
- Calculating the mass of carbon: The molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) is 44.01 g/mol, and each mole of CO2 contains one mole of carbon. The moles of CO2 obtained can be calculated as follows:
moles of CO2 = mass of CO2 / molar mass of CO2 = 1.63 g / 44.01 g/mol ≈ 0.037 mol
Since each mole of CO2 contains one mole of carbon, the moles of carbon present in the compound are also 0.037 mol.
The mass of carbon can be calculated as follows:
mass of carbon = moles of carbon * atomic mass of carbon = 0.037 mol * 12.01 g/mol ≈ 0.445 g
- Calculating the mass of hydrogen: The molar mass of water (H2O) is 18.02 g/mol, and each mole of water contains two moles of hydrogen. The moles of H2O obtained can be calculated as follows:
moles of H2O = mass of H2O / molar mass of H2O = 0.97 g / 18.02 g/mol ≈ 0.054 mol
Since each mole of water contains two moles of hydrogen, the moles of hydrogen present in the compound are 2 * 0.054 mol = 0.108 mol.
The mass of hydrogen can be calculated as follows:
mass of hydrogen = moles of hydrogen * atomic mass of hydrogen = 0.108 mol * 1.01 g/mol ≈ 0.109 g
- Calculating the mass of oxygen: The mass of oxygen can be obtained by subtracting the sum of masses of carbon and hydrogen from the total mass obtained in the combination analysis.
mass of oxygen = mass obtained - (mass of carbon + mass of hydrogen) = 0.80 g - (0.445 g + 0.109 g) = 0.246 g
Now, we can calculate the percentages of C, H, and O in the compound:
Percentage of C = (mass of carbon / total mass of the compound) * 100 = (0.445 g / 0.80 g) * 100 ≈ 55.63%
Percentage of H = (mass of hydrogen / total mass of the compound) * 100 = (0.109 g / 0.80 g) * 100 ≈ 13.63%
Percentage of O = (mass of oxygen / total mass of the compound) * 100 = (0.246 g / 0.80 g) * 100 ≈ 30.75%
Therefore, the organic compound contains approximately 55.63% carbon, 13.63% hydrogen, and 30.75% oxygen.