When hydrogen chloride (HCl) is bubbled through a solution of lead (II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2), a chemical reaction occurs, leading to the formation of two new compounds: lead (II) chloride (PbCl2) and nitric acid (HNO3). Here's the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:
2 HCl + Pb(NO3)2 -> PbCl2 + 2 HNO3
In this reaction, the hydrogen chloride reacts with lead (II) nitrate to produce lead (II) chloride and nitric acid. The hydrogen chloride molecules dissociate in water to form hydronium ions (H3O+) and chloride ions (Cl-). The chloride ions then react with the lead (II) ions from lead (II) nitrate to form lead (II) chloride, which is insoluble and precipitates out of solution.
The nitrate ions from lead (II) nitrate remain unchanged and are not involved in the reaction. Instead, they combine with the hydronium ions produced by the dissociation of hydrogen chloride to form nitric acid.
Overall, this reaction results in the formation of lead (II) chloride and nitric acid, while the nitrates are spectator ions and do not participate in the reaction.