Every point on the Earth's surface completes one full rotation in approximately 24 hours, which is known as the Earth's rotational period. This means that all points on the Earth's surface, including buildings, have the same angular velocity.
Angular velocity is a measure of how quickly an object rotates around an axis. In the case of the Earth, the axis of rotation is an imaginary line passing through the North and South Poles. Since the Earth completes one full rotation in a fixed amount of time, all points on its surface travel through the same angular displacement in the same time period. Therefore, all buildings on Earth have the same angular velocity.
However, linear velocity is a measure of how quickly an object moves in a straight line. The linear velocity of a point on the Earth's surface depends on its distance from the axis of rotation. Points closer to the axis, such as those near the poles, have a smaller distance to travel in one rotation compared to points farther away from the axis, such as those near the equator. Consequently, points near the equator have a higher linear velocity because they cover a greater distance in the same time period.
This variation in linear velocity is due to the Earth's shape. The Earth is not a perfect sphere but an oblate spheroid, slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This shape leads to differences in the distances that different points on the Earth's surface need to travel to complete one rotation, resulting in variations in linear velocity.