When we increase or decrease the frequency of a wave, it does not affect its speed. The speed of a wave, including light, is determined by the medium through which it travels. In a vacuum, light travels at a constant speed, denoted as "c" and approximately equal to 299,792,458 meters per second.
The frequency of a wave refers to the number of complete oscillations or cycles it completes in one second. In the case of light waves, frequency is directly related to the color of light. Higher frequencies correspond to bluer light, while lower frequencies correspond to redder light.
When we change the frequency of a light wave, it does not alter its speed. However, it does affect its wavelength and energy. The wavelength of a wave is the distance between two consecutive points in phase (e.g., two peaks or two troughs). The relationship between wavelength (λ), frequency (f), and speed (v) of a wave is given by the equation:
v = λ × f
According to this equation, if we increase the frequency of a wave while keeping its speed constant, the wavelength will decrease. Conversely, if we decrease the frequency, the wavelength will increase.
The amplitude of a wave, on the other hand, refers to the maximum displacement or height of the wave from its equilibrium position. Changing the frequency of a wave does not directly affect its amplitude. However, in some cases, when waves undergo certain interactions or transformations, the amplitude can be modified indirectly. But in general, frequency and amplitude are independent properties of a wave.