The frequency, speed, amplitude, and wavelength of a wave are determined by both the properties of the wave's medium and the way the wave is generated (i.e., the wave's source). Let's discuss each of these factors in more detail:
Properties of the Medium: The medium through which a wave travels can have an influence on its characteristics. For example, in the case of sound waves, the speed of sound depends on the properties of the medium, such as its density and elasticity. In the case of electromagnetic waves like light, the speed of light can vary depending on the medium it travels through. For instance, light travels slower in materials like glass or water compared to its speed in a vacuum.
Wave Source: The properties of the wave's source can also impact its characteristics. When a wave is generated, the source determines the frequency of the wave. For example, the frequency of a sound wave is determined by the vibrating source that produces the sound. In the case of light waves, the frequency is determined by the energy levels of the atoms or molecules in the light source.
Amplitude: The amplitude of a wave is determined by the energy of the wave's source. The more energy the source imparts to the wave, the larger the amplitude will be. In the case of sound waves, the amplitude corresponds to the loudness of the sound. In the case of light waves, the amplitude determines the intensity or brightness of the light.
Wavelength: The wavelength of a wave is determined by a combination of factors. In a medium, the wavelength depends on the speed of the wave and its frequency. As mentioned earlier, the speed of a wave is determined by the properties of the medium. The frequency of the wave, as discussed, is determined by the wave's source. Therefore, the wavelength can be calculated using the equation:
λ = v/f
where λ represents the wavelength, v represents the speed of the wave, and f represents the frequency of the wave.
In summary, both the properties of the medium and the way the wave is generated play a role in determining the frequency, speed, amplitude, and wavelength of a wave. The medium affects the wave's speed, while the wave's source influences its frequency. The amplitude is determined by the energy of the source, and the wavelength depends on the speed and frequency of the wave.