Several materials can block or absorb ultraviolet (UV) waves to varying degrees. The effectiveness of blocking UV waves depends on the wavelength of the UV radiation and the properties of the material. Here are some common materials that can block UV waves:
Ozone layer: The Earth's ozone layer in the stratosphere absorbs the majority of the Sun's harmful UV-B and UV-C radiation, preventing them from reaching the Earth's surface.
Glass: Ordinary glass can block most UV-B radiation but allows some UV-A radiation to pass through. However, certain types of glass can be specially coated or treated to provide increased UV protection.
Sunscreen: Sunscreen lotions or creams contain chemicals that can absorb or scatter UV radiation, reducing its penetration into the skin. Sunscreen typically offers protection against both UV-A and UV-B radiation.
Clothing: Dense, tightly woven fabrics with a high thread count can provide significant protection against UV radiation. Dark and bright colors tend to absorb more UV radiation than lighter shades.
Hats and sunglasses: Wide-brimmed hats can provide shade for the face, neck, and ears, reducing exposure to UV radiation. Sunglasses with UV-blocking lenses protect the eyes from harmful UV radiation.
Umbrellas and shade structures: Large umbrellas and shade structures made from opaque materials can block a significant amount of UV radiation, providing shade and protection.
It's important to note that while these materials can provide some level of protection against UV radiation, they may not completely block all UV waves. It's still advisable to take additional precautions, such as seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and applying sunscreen, especially during peak sun hours.