Yes, the amplitude of both transverse and longitudinal waves decreases with distance. This phenomenon is known as amplitude attenuation or amplitude decay.
The decrease in amplitude with distance occurs due to the spreading of energy as the wave propagates through a medium. As the wave expands outward, the energy carried by the wave is distributed over a larger area. Consequently, the intensity or magnitude of the wave diminishes, resulting in a decrease in amplitude.
In transverse waves, such as light waves or waves on a string, the amplitude decreases with distance as the wave spreads out in a perpendicular direction to the direction of propagation. This spreading of energy reduces the concentration of wave energy in a given area, leading to a decrease in amplitude.
In longitudinal waves, such as sound waves, the amplitude also decreases with distance. In a longitudinal wave, the particles of the medium oscillate parallel to the direction of wave propagation. As the wave travels through the medium, the compression and rarefaction regions become less pronounced with distance, leading to a decrease in amplitude. The energy is distributed across a larger volume as the wave expands, resulting in a reduction in amplitude.
It's important to note that the rate at which amplitude decreases with distance may vary depending on factors such as the characteristics of the medium and the nature of the wave. Additionally, other factors like absorption, scattering, and interference can also affect the amplitude attenuation of waves.