The terms "amplitude" and "frequency" have similar meanings for both sound and light/electromagnetic radiation, but they represent different properties in each context.
For sound:
Amplitude: In the context of sound, amplitude refers to the magnitude or strength of the sound wave. It is a measure of the maximum displacement of air particles caused by the sound wave. In simpler terms, it represents the loudness or volume of the sound. Larger amplitudes correspond to louder sounds, while smaller amplitudes correspond to softer sounds.
Frequency: Frequency in sound refers to the number of complete vibrations or cycles of a sound wave occurring in one second. It is measured in hertz (Hz). In the context of sound, frequency determines the pitch or perceived highness or lowness of the sound. Higher frequencies correspond to higher-pitched sounds, while lower frequencies correspond to lower-pitched sounds.
For light/electromagnetic radiation:
Amplitude: In the context of light or electromagnetic radiation, amplitude refers to the strength or intensity of the electric and magnetic fields that constitute the wave. It represents the maximum displacement of the electric and magnetic fields from their equilibrium positions. In simpler terms, it determines the brightness or intensity of the light. Larger amplitudes correspond to brighter light, while smaller amplitudes correspond to dimmer light.
Frequency: Frequency in light or electromagnetic radiation refers to the number of wave cycles occurring per second. It is measured in units of hertz (Hz) or cycles per second. In the context of light, frequency determines the color or wavelength of the light. Higher frequencies correspond to shorter wavelengths and higher-energy light, such as blue or ultraviolet light. Lower frequencies correspond to longer wavelengths and lower-energy light, such as red or infrared light.
In summary, for sound, amplitude relates to loudness, and frequency relates to pitch. For light or electromagnetic radiation, amplitude corresponds to brightness, and frequency corresponds to color or wavelength.