The concept of a continuous and varying electromagnetic field forming a particle structure is related to the field of quantum field theory. In this framework, particles are described as excitations or quanta of underlying quantum fields.
According to quantum field theory, all particles are associated with corresponding fields that pervade all of space. The electromagnetic field, for example, is associated with photons, which are the quanta or particles of the field. These fields exist in a state of continuous fluctuation, and the particles arise as quantized excitations or disturbances in these fields.
The behavior of particles in quantum field theory is described by wave-like properties, including wave-particle duality. This means that particles can exhibit both particle-like and wave-like characteristics depending on the context of the experiment or observation.
When the electromagnetic field undergoes specific patterns of fluctuation, it can manifest as localized particle-like structures. These structures can be created through interactions between the field and other particles or fields. For example, in high-energy particle collisions, the energy of the colliding particles can lead to the creation of new particles from the fluctuations of the underlying fields.
The process of particle creation and annihilation in quantum field theory involves the exchange and transformation of energy and momentum within the fields. The fluctuations in the fields can give rise to particle-antiparticle pairs, and these pairs can subsequently annihilate, converting their energy back into fluctuations of the fields.
It's important to note that the precise mathematical formalism and details of how particles emerge from quantum fields are complex and require advanced concepts from quantum field theory. The overall understanding of how particles and fields interact at the quantum level is still an active area of research in theoretical physics.