To image a bone while excluding the surrounding tissues, the scientist would need to use a type of wave from the electromagnetic spectrum that has the ability to penetrate the surrounding soft tissues but is absorbed or scattered by the bone. In this case, X-rays would be the most suitable choice.
X-rays have a shorter wavelength and higher energy compared to visible light. They have the ability to penetrate soft tissues, such as muscles and organs, but are absorbed to a greater extent by denser materials like bone. This differential absorption allows X-rays to create images of bones while minimizing the visibility of surrounding tissues.
By passing X-rays through the body and capturing the transmitted or scattered X-rays on the other side, the scientist can create an image that highlights the bones. The degree of absorption or scattering of X-rays by different tissues will depend on their density and composition. Therefore, by carefully controlling the X-ray dosage and imaging techniques, it's possible to obtain detailed images of bones while minimizing interference from the surrounding tissues.
It's worth noting that the use of X-rays for medical imaging requires proper safety precautions to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and medical staff.