The relationship between amplitude and pitch in a sound wave is that they are two distinct characteristics of a sound but they are not directly proportional to each other.
Amplitude: Amplitude refers to the magnitude or intensity of a sound wave. In simple terms, it represents the height of the peaks and the depth of the troughs in a waveform. In the context of sound, higher amplitude means a louder sound, while lower amplitude corresponds to a quieter sound.
Pitch: Pitch, on the other hand, is the perception of how high or low a sound is. It is related to the frequency of the sound wave, which refers to the number of oscillations or cycles that occur per unit of time. Higher frequency sound waves are perceived as higher pitched, while lower frequency sound waves are perceived as lower pitched.
So, in summary, while amplitude affects the volume or loudness of a sound, pitch is determined by the frequency of the sound wave. Changing the amplitude will make a sound louder or softer, but it won't change its pitch. To alter the pitch, you need to change the frequency of the sound wave. For example, when you press the higher keys on a piano, it increases the frequency of the sound waves, producing higher pitched sounds, while pressing the lower keys reduces the frequency and generates lower pitched sounds.