Multiplexing signals using different wavelengths, also known as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), serves the purpose of increasing the capacity and efficiency of data transmission over optical fibers or other communication channels. By using multiple wavelengths simultaneously, each carrying its own independent data stream, WDM enables the simultaneous transmission of multiple signals over the same physical medium.
The key advantage of using multiple wavelengths is that it allows for higher data rates and increased bandwidth utilization. Instead of relying on a single wavelength, which limits the amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time, WDM enables the parallel transmission of multiple signals. This can significantly increase the overall data-carrying capacity of the communication channel.
If only one wavelength (single-wavelength) were used, the data transmission capacity would be severely limited. The available bandwidth for transmitting information would be confined to the capabilities of that specific wavelength. Consequently, the overall data capacity of the system would be significantly lower compared to using multiple wavelengths.
By utilizing WDM and multiple wavelengths, communication systems can achieve higher speeds and accommodate more data traffic, making it possible to support increasingly demanding applications such as high-definition video streaming, cloud computing, and other data-intensive services.