In the context of a simple pendulum, "g" represents the acceleration due to gravity. It is a constant that determines the strength of the gravitational force acting on the pendulum bob. The value of "g" depends on the location on Earth and can vary slightly depending on factors such as elevation and latitude.
In most cases, "g" is approximately equal to 9.8 meters per second squared (m/s²) or 32.2 feet per second squared (ft/s²). This means that in the absence of other forces, a simple pendulum will experience an acceleration of approximately 9.8 m/s² or 32.2 ft/s² due to the force of gravity acting on it.