In light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the frequency or amplitude of the voltage applied does not directly influence the wave properties of the produced light. Instead, the wave properties of the emitted light, such as its frequency and wavelength, are primarily determined by the characteristics of the LED's semiconductor material.
LEDs are based on the principle of electroluminescence, where the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material results in the emission of light. The bandgap energy of the semiconductor material determines the energy of the emitted photons and, consequently, the frequency and wavelength of the light.
When a voltage is applied to an LED, it causes electrons and holes (absence of electrons) to recombine within the semiconductor material. This recombination process releases energy in the form of photons, which corresponds to specific frequencies and wavelengths based on the semiconductor's bandgap energy.
The voltage applied to an LED primarily affects the current flowing through it, which influences the intensity or brightness of the emitted light. The relationship between voltage and brightness follows a non-linear behavior, typically characterized by an exponential response curve.
Therefore, while the voltage applied to an LED can impact its brightness, the wave properties of the produced light, such as its frequency and wavelength, are determined by the properties of the LED's semiconductor material and are relatively independent of the applied voltage.