Yes, changing the length of a pendulum does affect both its period and amplitude.
The period of a pendulum is the time it takes for one complete back-and-forth swing, often measured as the time for a pendulum bob to swing from one extreme to the other and back again. The period of a simple pendulum is determined by its length and the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2 on Earth). The relationship between the period (T) of a simple pendulum and its length (L) can be described by the formula:
T = 2π√(L/g),
where g is the acceleration due to gravity.
From this formula, it can be observed that the period of a pendulum is directly proportional to the square root of its length. Therefore, increasing the length of a pendulum will increase its period, and decreasing the length will decrease the period. This means that a longer pendulum will take more time to complete one swing back and forth compared to a shorter pendulum.
The amplitude of a pendulum refers to the maximum angle or displacement reached by the pendulum bob from its equilibrium position. Changing the length of a pendulum does not directly affect its amplitude. The amplitude of a pendulum depends on the initial conditions or the energy provided to the pendulum. If the pendulum is given a higher initial displacement or energy, it will have a larger amplitude. However, the length of the pendulum itself does not dictate the amplitude.
In summary, changing the length of a pendulum affects its period, with longer pendulums having longer periods and shorter pendulums having shorter periods. However, the length of the pendulum does not directly affect its amplitude.