Detecting the existence of a past civilization on Mars, especially if it existed millions of years ago, presents significant challenges. While it is an intriguing concept, it is currently beyond our technological capabilities and understanding.
Astronomy techniques, such as telescopic observations or spectroscopy, primarily focus on gathering information about celestial bodies and their physical properties. These methods allow us to study the composition, atmosphere, and geological features of Mars, but they do not provide direct evidence of past civilizations.
Archaeology techniques, on the other hand, involve studying artifacts, structures, and traces of past human activity on Earth. Applying these techniques to Mars would require physically visiting the planet's surface, excavating potential sites, and examining any possible remnants or signs of ancient civilizations. Currently, we have only sent robotic missions to Mars, which are primarily focused on scientific exploration and geology.
If a past civilization existed on Mars millions of years ago, it is possible that some evidence might have survived, such as remnants of infrastructure or artifacts. However, the harsh environmental conditions on Mars, including extreme cold, radiation, and dust storms, make it challenging for organic materials or delicate structures to persist over such vast time scales.
In summary, while it is an intriguing idea, our current capabilities and knowledge do not allow us to definitively detect the existence of past civilizations on Mars, especially if they existed millions of years ago. Future advancements in technology and further exploration of Mars may provide new insights and possibilities for investigating this question.