Dark matter is a hypothetical form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect electromagnetic radiation, making it invisible to our current detection methods. Its existence is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter and the large-scale structure of the universe.
The nature of dark matter remains unknown, and scientists are actively studying it to unravel its properties. Several theories propose different candidates for dark matter particles, including weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), axions, sterile neutrinos, and others. However, no direct detection of dark matter particles has been achieved so far.
Dark matter interacts gravitationally with other matter, exerting a gravitational force that affects the motion of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the large-scale structure of the universe. It plays a crucial role in the formation and evolution of cosmic structures, such as galaxies.
While dark matter primarily interacts through gravity, it is postulated to have weak interactions with ordinary matter as well. These interactions, if they exist, are extremely feeble and have not been directly observed. Efforts to detect dark matter particles are ongoing, using experiments such as underground detectors, particle colliders, and indirect detection methods like studying the annihilation or decay products of dark matter.
The interaction of dark matter with known particles and forces in the universe remains an active area of research. By studying the behavior of visible matter, cosmologists and physicists aim to understand the nature and properties of dark matter, which will provide insights into the fundamental workings of the universe.