The concept of a fifth dimension is often associated with certain theories in physics, such as the Kaluza-Klein theory or string theory. These theories propose that additional spatial dimensions beyond the three we experience (length, width, and height) could exist. However, it's important to note that the existence and nature of additional dimensions are still speculative and not yet experimentally confirmed.
Regarding the instantaneous or faster-than-light (FTL) nature of the collapse of quantum entangled properties, it is not necessary to invoke a fifth dimension to explain this phenomenon. Quantum entanglement refers to the correlation between two or more particles, such that the state of one particle is connected to the state of the others, regardless of the spatial separation between them. When measurements are made on entangled particles, their correlated properties appear to collapse instantaneously, even if the particles are separated by large distances.
However, it's crucial to understand that this collapse of quantum entangled properties does not involve any transfer of information or influence at speeds faster than light. The collapse is a statistical phenomenon that arises from the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics. When measurements are made on one entangled particle, the outcome is random, and it determines the outcome of the measurement on the other entangled particle. The correlation arises from the fact that the probabilities of different outcomes are linked, but the specific outcome on one particle cannot be predetermined or used for communication.
The phenomenon of quantum entanglement and the collapse of entangled properties are well-described within the framework of quantum mechanics, which is a highly successful theory in explaining the behavior of particles at the microscopic scale. While there are ongoing debates and research about the fundamental nature of quantum mechanics and its potential connection to more fundamental theories, such as a theory of quantum gravity or theories involving extra dimensions, the instantaneous nature of entanglement collapse does not necessarily require the introduction of a fifth dimension.