The nature of dark matter and its interactions with regular matter and other particles are still not fully understood. Dark matter is a hypothetical form of matter that does not interact with light or electromagnetic radiation, making it invisible and difficult to detect directly. However, its presence is inferred through its gravitational effects on visible matter and the structure of the universe.
Based on current theories and observations, it is believed that dark matter interacts primarily through gravitational forces. It exerts a gravitational pull on regular matter, influencing the motion of galaxies, galaxy clusters, and the large-scale structure of the universe. Dark matter's gravitational effects are essential for explaining the observed rotational curves of galaxies and the formation of cosmic structures.
In addition to gravity, some theoretical models suggest that dark matter might have weak interactions with regular matter or other particles. Weak interactions are one of the fundamental forces in particle physics, responsible for processes such as radioactive decay. These models propose that dark matter particles could occasionally interact with ordinary matter through weak nuclear forces. However, such interactions, if they exist, are extremely rare and challenging to detect experimentally.
Other proposed interactions between dark matter and regular matter include electromagnetic interactions, such as through the exchange of photons. However, direct evidence or conclusive experimental results confirming these interactions are still lacking.
It is important to note that the precise nature of dark matter remains a subject of ongoing research and investigation. Numerous experiments, including direct detection experiments, particle colliders, and astrophysical observations, are actively seeking to uncover the properties and interactions of dark matter particles.