The reason for more significant tidal movements when a beach faces towards the moon and fewer tidal movements when a beach faces away from the moon is primarily due to the gravitational force exerted by the moon on Earth's oceans.
Tides are primarily caused by the gravitational interaction between the moon and Earth's oceans. The moon's gravitational force pulls on the water, creating tidal bulges on opposite sides of the Earth. One tidal bulge is formed on the side of the Earth facing the moon, and another bulge is formed on the side opposite the moon.
When a beach faces towards the moon, it is closer to the tidal bulge that is formed on the side of the Earth facing the moon. This closer proximity results in a stronger gravitational force and higher tidal movements on that beach. This is known as the high tide.
Conversely, when a beach faces away from the moon, it is farther away from the tidal bulge that is formed on the side opposite the moon. The gravitational force is weaker on this side, resulting in lower tidal movements. This is known as the low tide.
It's important to note that the Sun also plays a role in tidal movements, although its influence is less significant than that of the moon. When the Sun aligns with the moon, such as during full moon or new moon phases, the combined gravitational effects of the Sun and the moon lead to even more pronounced tidal movements, known as spring tides. Conversely, when the Sun and the moon are at right angles to each other, such as during the first and third quarter moon phases, the tidal range is reduced, resulting in neap tides.
In summary, the gravitational force of the moon on Earth's oceans causes tidal bulges, and the positioning of a beach relative to these bulges determines the intensity of tidal movements, with beaches facing towards the moon experiencing higher tides and those facing away from the moon experiencing lower tides.