The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is not specifically designed to observe black holes directly. However, it can contribute to our understanding of black holes by studying their effects on their surroundings and the surrounding galaxies.
Black holes themselves do not emit light, as their gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from them. Nevertheless, the presence of a black hole can be inferred through various observable phenomena, such as the accretion disks of matter spiraling into the black hole or the high-energy jets of particles being ejected from the vicinity of the black hole.
JWST, with its advanced suite of scientific instruments, can observe and study the surrounding regions of black holes in different wavelengths, including infrared. It can detect and analyze the thermal radiation emitted by the accretion disks surrounding black holes, providing valuable insights into their properties. Additionally, JWST can investigate the galaxies that host black holes, studying their formation, evolution, and interactions with their surroundings.
By combining observations from JWST with other telescopes that are specifically designed for studying black holes, such as the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), which directly imaged the shadow of a black hole, scientists can develop a more comprehensive understanding of these enigmatic objects and their impact on the universe.