The pole star, also known as Polaris, appears to remain stationary in the night sky while other stars appear to move due to the rotation of the Earth on its axis. This phenomenon is a result of Earth's rotation and its tilted axis.
The Earth rotates about its axis, completing one full rotation in approximately 24 hours. As it rotates, different parts of the sky come into view while others move out of sight. The stars located closer to the celestial poles, which are the points in the sky directly above the Earth's North and South Poles, appear relatively motionless because they are aligned with the axis of Earth's rotation.
Polaris is positioned very close to the North Celestial Pole, making it almost directly above the Earth's North Pole. As a result, it appears to stay in the same position in the northern sky throughout the night. Other stars, located farther away from the celestial poles, appear to move in circular or arched paths known as apparent diurnal motion. This motion is a consequence of the Earth's rotation.
Imagine yourself standing at the North Pole and looking up at the sky. You would notice that all the stars seem to revolve around Polaris in counterclockwise circles. As you move away from the North Pole, the stars appear to trace larger circles around Polaris. If you were at the equator, the stars would seem to move in straight lines across the sky.
The apparent motion of stars is due to the combined effect of Earth's rotation and the observer's position on Earth's surface. Polaris's proximity to the North Celestial Pole gives it the appearance of being stationary while the rest of the stars appear to move across the sky over the course of a night.