Bullets fired from above the surface of the water can travel some distance underwater, but their range and effectiveness are significantly reduced compared to when they are fired in air. The exact distance a bullet can travel underwater depends on various factors, including the type of bullet, its velocity, and the angle of entry.
When a bullet enters the water, it encounters a significant amount of resistance due to the density and viscosity of water. This resistance rapidly slows down the bullet and dissipates its energy. In most cases, the bullet will lose velocity and destabilize quickly, often within a few feet or meters. As a result, its effective range is greatly diminished.
Furthermore, the water itself can cause the bullet to tumble or deflect from its original trajectory, reducing its accuracy and penetration capabilities. The bullet may also fragment or disintegrate upon impact with the water.
Generally, handgun bullets have an even shorter underwater range compared to rifle bullets due to their lower initial velocities. Rifle bullets fired from a high-powered rifle might travel a bit farther, but it's still relatively limited.
It's important to note that firing bullets into water is dangerous and should never be done in populated areas or bodies of water where people may be present. The potential for ricochets and unpredictable bullet behavior poses a significant risk to bystanders and should be avoided.