The rate of change of velocity with respect to time is called acceleration. In mathematical terms, acceleration is defined as the derivative of velocity with respect to time. If we denote velocity as "v(t)" and time as "t", the acceleration "a(t)" can be expressed as:
a(t) = d(v(t))/dt
Here, "d(v(t))/dt" represents the derivative of the velocity function with respect to time. In simpler terms, acceleration measures how quickly an object's velocity is changing over time. It indicates the rate at which the velocity is increasing or decreasing. If the acceleration is positive, it means the velocity is increasing, while a negative acceleration implies a decreasing velocity. Acceleration is measured in units of distance per time squared, such as meters per second squared (m/s²) in the metric system.