The relationship between time and space is a fundamental aspect of the fabric of the universe, as described by the theory of general relativity. According to this theory, spacetime is a four-dimensional continuum, where three dimensions correspond to space and one dimension corresponds to time. In this framework, time and space are not separate entities but are interconnected, forming a unified concept.
According to our current understanding, the concept of time and space, as we know them, emerged with the Big Bang. The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model that explains the origin and evolution of the universe. It suggests that the universe began as an incredibly hot and dense singularity, a point of infinite curvature where the laws of physics break down. At the moment of the Big Bang, space and time came into existence, along with all the matter and energy in the universe.
It is important to note that the concept of "before" the Big Bang is not well-defined within our current understanding of physics. The singularity of the Big Bang represents a boundary beyond which we cannot make meaningful statements about what occurred. Time, as we perceive it, originated with the Big Bang, so the question of what existed before the Big Bang, if anything, remains unanswered within the scope of our current knowledge.
Speculations and theories about what might have existed or occurred before the Big Bang exist, such as the idea of a multiverse or cyclic universe models. However, these ideas are still speculative and the subject of ongoing scientific investigation.