Newton's laws of motion are three fundamental principles formulated by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century. They describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting upon it. Here are Newton's three laws of motion:
Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia): An object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will continue to move with a constant velocity in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. In simpler terms, an object will maintain its state of motion (whether at rest or moving) unless an external force is applied to it.
Newton's Second Law (Law of Acceleration): The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. Mathematically, this law can be expressed as F = ma, where F represents the net force applied to an object, m represents the mass of the object, and a represents the resulting acceleration. This law indicates that when a force is applied to an object, it will accelerate in the direction of the force, and the magnitude of the acceleration depends on the mass of the object and the applied force.
Newton's Third Law (Law of Action and Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This means that whenever an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first object. In other words, forces always occur in pairs, and they act in opposite directions on two interacting objects.
These laws of motion form the foundation of classical mechanics and are still widely used today to understand and analyze the motion of objects in various contexts.