If a body has electric charge, it has the potential to transfer that charge to other objects and thus charge them. The ability of an object to transfer electric charge depends on its conductivity and the presence of a conductive path between the charged object and the object to be charged.
If the charged object is conductive and is in contact with another object, the charge can flow from the charged object to the other object until both objects reach the same potential. This is known as charging by direct contact or conduction. For example, if you touch a positively charged object to a neutral object, electrons can flow from the neutral object to the positively charged object, charging it negatively.
Alternatively, if the charged object is not conductive or there is no direct contact, it can still induce a separation of charges in another object. This is known as charging by induction. When a charged object is brought close to another object, the charges in the second object redistribute due to the influence of the electric field of the charged object. This can result in one side of the object becoming charged opposite to the charge of the nearby object. While this process induces a charge imbalance, it does not involve a transfer of charge between the objects.
It's important to note that not all materials can be effectively charged or retain charge for a significant amount of time. Conductors, such as metals, allow charges to move freely, making them suitable for charging. Insulators, on the other hand, resist the flow of charges and may not effectively transfer charge to other objects.
Furthermore, the amount of charge that can be transferred depends on factors like the magnitude of the charge on the charged object, the distance between objects, and the characteristics of the materials involved. The specific properties of the objects and their electrical environment will determine whether charging is feasible and to what extent.
In summary, if a body has electric charge, it can potentially charge other objects through conduction or induction, depending on the circumstances and the properties of the materials involved.