Yes, a planet's gravity can have an effect on liquid on a different planet, although the magnitude of the effect depends on various factors. Here are a few important points to consider:
Tidal Forces: The gravitational pull of one planet on another can create tidal forces. Tidal forces occur when the gravitational attraction between two objects varies across their bodies due to differences in distance. These forces can cause the deformation of the objects involved, including the deformation of liquids.
Tidal Locking: In some cases, tidal forces can lead to tidal locking, where the rotation of one planet becomes synchronized with its orbit around another planet. This effect is commonly observed between moons and their host planets. Tidal locking can affect the distribution of liquid on the surface, causing tides and tidal bulges.
Transfer of Energy: The gravitational interaction between planets can transfer energy, albeit in a much weaker manner compared to tidal forces. Over long periods, this energy transfer can have subtle influences on the dynamics of liquid bodies on different planets.
Atmospheric Interactions: Gravity affects not only liquid bodies but also the atmosphere. Planets with significant gravitational pull can potentially influence atmospheric circulation patterns and weather systems on nearby planets. This can indirectly impact the behavior and movement of liquid on the surface.
It's important to note that the effects mentioned above are generally relevant to celestial bodies in close proximity or gravitational interaction. For example, the Moon's gravitational influence on Earth causes tides in our oceans. However, the gravitational influence of a distant planet on another planet's liquid would typically be negligible unless they are part of a closely interacting system, such as binary planets or moons orbiting a planet.
In summary, while a planet's gravity can have effects on liquid on a different planet, the magnitude of these effects depends on the proximity, gravitational interaction, and other factors between the planets involved.