Airplanes can indeed be struck by lightning, but they do not act as lightning rods. When an airplane is struck by lightning, it is typically a result of chance and the aircraft's presence in a thunderstorm rather than a deliberate attraction like a lightning rod.
There are a few reasons why airplanes are not considered lightning rods:
Conductive materials: Modern aircraft are designed with conductive materials, such as aluminum, which help to distribute the electrical charge from a lightning strike throughout the structure of the aircraft. This design feature helps to protect the passengers and critical electronic systems from the potentially damaging effects of the lightning strike.
Avoiding lightning-prone areas: Flight crews and air traffic controllers continuously monitor weather conditions, including the presence of thunderstorms. They make efforts to avoid areas of intense electrical activity to minimize the risk of lightning strikes. Additionally, aircraft can use weather radar and receive real-time weather updates to navigate around storms.
When an airplane is struck by lightning, the lightning discharge typically follows the path of least resistance along the aircraft's exterior, usually through antennas, metallic edges, or other conductive components. The current from the lightning strike travels through the conductive structure and then dissipates harmlessly into the surrounding air.
Modern aircraft are designed to withstand the effects of lightning strikes, and rigorous testing and safety regulations ensure their resilience. However, lightning strikes can still cause some effects, such as temporary disruption of electronic systems or minor damage to the exterior surfaces of the aircraft. After a lightning strike, the aircraft is inspected and, if necessary, repaired to ensure continued safe operation.
It's important to note that despite the occurrence of lightning strikes on aircraft, they are rare events due to the precautions taken by flight crews, air traffic control, and aircraft design. The aviation industry has implemented numerous safety measures to mitigate the risks associated with lightning strikes and ensure the safety of passengers and crew during flight.