The portrayal of spinning spaceships creating artificial gravity in movies is a fictional concept, but it is based on some scientific principles. In reality, the act of spinning a spaceship alone does not create gravity, but it can create a simulated gravity-like effect called centrifugal force.
Centrifugal force is a fictitious force that appears to act on objects in a rotating reference frame. When a spaceship rotates, the occupants inside would experience a force pushing them outward, simulating the feeling of gravity. This is similar to the experience of being pushed against the walls of a rotating carnival ride. However, it's important to note that centrifugal force is not actually gravity.
In space, the absence of gravity means objects and occupants are in a state of freefall, resulting in a sensation of weightlessness. To create artificial gravity in space, more sophisticated methods would be required. One possibility is the concept of a rotating space station, where the entire structure rotates to generate centrifugal force. This force would act on objects and inhabitants, giving the impression of gravity.
However, building a large rotating space station for artificial gravity is currently a significant technological challenge and has not been realized in practice. In real space missions, such as those conducted on the International Space Station (ISS), astronauts experience microgravity because the station is in a state of continuous freefall around the Earth.
While the concept of artificial gravity is scientifically plausible, its practical implementation for large-scale spacecraft or space stations is still in the realm of science fiction. Current space missions primarily rely on other methods, such as harnessing the effects of microgravity and utilizing exercise regimens to counteract the negative effects of long-term weightlessness on astronauts' health.