Yes, the Coriolis effect does affect objects that are thrown straight up on a spinning sphere like Earth. The Coriolis effect is a deflection in the apparent path of an object moving in a rotating frame of reference, such as the Earth.
When an object is thrown straight up, it maintains its initial horizontal velocity due to inertia. However, as the object ascends, it remains subject to the Earth's rotation. From the perspective of an observer on Earth, the object appears to curve to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Coriolis effect arises from the conservation of angular momentum. As the object ascends, it moves to a region of slightly smaller radius (closer to the rotation axis) than its initial position on the Earth's surface. Because the object is maintaining its initial horizontal velocity, this decrease in radius results in a smaller circumference for its circular path. Consequently, the object appears to curve sideways relative to an observer on Earth.
It's important to note that the Coriolis effect is most noticeable for large distances or high velocities, such as in the case of long-range projectiles or large-scale atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns. For objects thrown vertically with typical human-scale velocities, the Coriolis effect is relatively small and often negligible in everyday scenarios.