Yes, that is correct. When an atom has a negative charge, it means that it has gained extra electrons, resulting in a greater number of electrons compared to the number of protons. Electrons carry a negative charge, so when additional electrons are added to an atom, it becomes negatively charged.
Conversely, when an atom has a positive charge, it means that it has lost electrons, resulting in a smaller number of electrons compared to the number of protons. Since protons carry a positive charge, an atom with fewer electrons will have a net positive charge.
The charge of an atom is determined by the balance between the positively charged protons in the nucleus and the negatively charged electrons in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. When this balance is disrupted, either by gaining or losing electrons, the atom becomes charged.