When a proton collides with an electron, several outcomes are possible depending on the conditions of the collision. One possible outcome is elastic scattering, where both particles change direction but retain their original identities and energies. Another possibility is inelastic scattering, where the collision results in energy exchange or particle creation.
In terms of which particle will be scattered more easily during the collision, it depends on their relative masses. The proton is approximately 1,836 times more massive than the electron. Due to the large mass difference, the proton will experience much less deflection compared to the electron during the collision.
This behavior can be understood by considering the conservation of momentum. Since the proton has a much larger mass, its momentum is harder to change, and therefore, it is less affected by the collision. The lighter electron, on the other hand, can experience a significant change in momentum and direction due to its smaller mass.
In summary, during a collision between a proton and an electron, the proton will be scattered less easily, while the electron will undergo greater deflection due to its smaller mass.