Virtual particles are a concept in quantum field theory used to describe temporary fluctuations in the quantum fields that underlie particle interactions. They are not directly observable and do not persist as real, measurable particles. Therefore, the notion of virtual particles undergoing entanglement with each other or with real particles is not well-defined within the standard framework of quantum mechanics.
Entanglement, as traditionally understood, requires the existence of well-defined, measurable particles with definite states. Virtual particles, being inherently temporary and unmeasurable, do not possess the necessary properties for entanglement in the same sense as real particles.
However, it is worth noting that virtual particles and their effects are intricately connected to the underlying quantum field theory, which is a framework that describes particle interactions. Quantum fields themselves can be entangled, and the properties of these fields can affect the interactions of real particles. This interplay between quantum fields, virtual particles, and entanglement is an area of ongoing research.
While I cannot provide specific articles , there is a wealth of scientific literature on the subject of virtual particles, quantum field theory, and their relationship to entanglement. Exploring scholarly databases or consulting recent research articles in the field of quantum field theory and entanglement would be a good starting point for further investigation into this topic.