No, the Earth's distance from the Sun is primarily determined by its orbital shape and not its speed. The Earth follows an elliptical orbit around the Sun, with the Sun located at one of the foci of the ellipse. This means that the Earth's distance from the Sun varies slightly throughout its orbit.
According to Kepler's laws of planetary motion, a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times, which means that it moves faster when it is closer to the Sun (at perihelion) and slower when it is farther away (at aphelion). This phenomenon is known as Kepler's second law.
However, the average distance from the Earth to the Sun, known as the semi-major axis, remains relatively constant over long periods of time. The Earth's average distance from the Sun is about 149.6 million kilometers (93 million miles), which is defined as one astronomical unit (AU).
So, even if the Earth were to speed up or slow down in its orbit, its average distance from the Sun would not change significantly. The shape of the orbit, determined by factors such as the Earth's mass and the gravitational influence of other celestial bodies, is what primarily determines the Earth's distance from the Sun.