Yes, there is extensive experimental evidence for the phenomenon known as the double-slit experiment, which is one of the fundamental experiments in quantum mechanics. The double-slit experiment demonstrates the wave-particle duality of particles, such as electrons or photons (particles of light).
In the double-slit experiment, a beam of particles is directed toward a barrier with two narrow slits. Behind the barrier, there is a screen that records the pattern of particles that pass through the slits and arrive at different positions on the screen.
When particles are sent through the double slits one at a time, they behave as if they are interfering with themselves, creating an interference pattern on the screen. This interference pattern is characteristic of wave-like behavior, where the particles exhibit constructive and destructive interference.
Several variations of the double-slit experiment have been performed, and the results consistently show the same interference pattern when particles are sent individually through the slits. This behavior has been observed not only with photons and electrons but also with other particles, including atoms and even large molecules.
Furthermore, advancements in experimental techniques have allowed researchers to observe the gradual transition from wave-like behavior to particle-like behavior by gradually reducing the detection of which path the particles take. This is known as the "quantum eraser" experiment, which reveals that the interference pattern disappears when the information about which path the particles took is known, and reappears when that information is erased.
The results of the double-slit experiment and its variations have been confirmed by numerous experiments conducted by different research groups worldwide. The observations of interference patterns and the ability to control the behavior of particles through the experimental setup provide strong evidence for the wave-particle duality and the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics.
It's worth noting that the double-slit experiment is a cornerstone of quantum mechanics and has been extensively studied and verified. It is considered one of the most fundamental experiments that support our current understanding of quantum physics.