In the context of science, the term "theory" typically refers to a well-substantiated explanation or framework that describes a broad range of observations and phenomena. While theories in science are often associated with physical theories that describe the natural world, it's worth noting that the term can also be used in other scientific disciplines.
In addition to physical theories, there are theories in fields such as biology, chemistry, psychology, sociology, and more. These theories are developed to explain and understand specific aspects of the natural world, human behavior, or social phenomena.
For example, in biology, we have the theory of evolution, which explains the diversity and adaptation of species over time. In psychology, there are theories like Freud's psychoanalytic theory or Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which provide frameworks for understanding human behavior and mental processes. In sociology, there are theories like social conflict theory or structural functionalism, which aim to explain social structures and interactions.
These theories are based on empirical evidence, observations, experiments, and logical reasoning. They are subject to testing, refinement, and revision based on new data and insights. The term "theory" in these contexts does not imply uncertainty or speculation but represents a well-established framework that provides explanatory and predictive power.
However, it's true that in the realm of quantum mechanics, the term "interpretation" is often used to describe different philosophical perspectives or ways of understanding the mathematical formalism and experimental results of quantum theory. These interpretations, such as the Copenhagen interpretation, many-worlds interpretation, or pilot-wave theory, offer different perspectives on the nature of quantum phenomena and the role of measurement.
So, while the term "theory" can encompass a wide range of scientific frameworks beyond physical theories, the use of "interpretations" in the context of quantum theory refers specifically to different philosophical interpretations rather than distinct scientific theories.