Using neutrinos or other rare interaction particles to build qubits with long-lasting wave functions and entanglement is a fascinating idea. However, there are several significant challenges and limitations that make this approach currently impractical.
Interaction Strength: Neutrinos are notoriously weakly interacting particles. Their interactions with matter are extremely rare, making it difficult to manipulate and control them for the purpose of building qubits. This low interaction strength poses challenges in creating and manipulating entanglement reliably.
Decoherence: One of the major hurdles in building and maintaining qubits is minimizing decoherence. Decoherence occurs when the fragile quantum states of particles interact with their environment, causing the loss of coherence and destroying the delicate entanglement. Neutrinos, due to their weak interactions, are highly susceptible to decoherence from even the slightest interactions with the surrounding environment.
Measurement Challenges: Neutrinos are notoriously difficult to detect and measure. The detectors used for studying neutrinos are massive and expensive installations, typically requiring vast amounts of matter to increase the chances of interaction. The complexities involved in measuring and manipulating individual neutrinos to observe their quantum states and entanglement pose significant technical challenges.
Control and Manipulation: Building practical quantum computers requires precise control and manipulation of qubits. Current technologies, such as trapped ions or superconducting circuits, offer better controllability and stability for qubits. Manipulating neutrinos or other rare interaction particles in a controlled manner to perform quantum operations is currently beyond our technological capabilities.
While the idea of using exotic particles like neutrinos for quantum computing is intriguing, the practical challenges outlined above make it unlikely that they will be the basis for qubits with long-lasting wave functions and entanglement. However, scientific research and technological advancements could change this assessment in the future.