Yes, the double-slit experiment can be performed with electrons, and when individual electrons are sent through the double slits one at a time, an interference pattern can be observed on the screen. This is one of the key experiments that demonstrates the wave-particle duality of electrons.
When a beam of electrons is used in the double-slit experiment, and individual electrons are sent through the slits one by one, they behave as both particles and waves. Each electron's wavefunction passes through both slits simultaneously and interferes with itself, leading to the formation of an interference pattern on the screen.
The pattern emerges gradually as more and more electrons are sent through the slits and detected on the screen. Over time, the accumulation of these individual electron impacts reveals the characteristic interference pattern, with bright and dark regions.
This phenomenon demonstrates that even though electrons are considered particles, they exhibit wave-like behavior and can interfere with themselves. The interference pattern observed on the screen is a result of the superposition and interference of these electron wavefunctions.
It's important to note that when the experiment is performed with a sufficient number of electrons, the statistical pattern of their impacts on the screen corresponds to the interference pattern expected from wave interference. However, on an individual electron level, the impact of a single electron is always detected as a localized particle-like event.