Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become correlated in such a way that the quantum state of one particle cannot be described independently of the others. However, entanglement does not involve a physical force acting on the particles.
In quantum mechanics, particles are described by wave functions, which contain information about their properties such as position, momentum, and spin. When particles are entangled, their wave functions become intertwined, leading to correlations between their properties.
The behavior of entangled particles is often counterintuitive because it does not follow classical physics. For example, measuring one entangled particle instantaneously affects the state of the other particle, regardless of the distance between them. This is known as quantum nonlocality.
However, it's important to note that entanglement does not involve any direct physical interaction or force acting between the particles. Instead, the entanglement is a result of the quantum nature of the particles and the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics.
The changes in properties between entangled particles are probabilistic in nature. When a property of one particle is measured, the corresponding property of the other particle becomes correlated. The specific outcomes of the measurements can only be predicted probabilistically, following the rules of quantum mechanics.
It's worth mentioning that the exact mechanism of how entanglement works is still an active area of research and debate in the field of quantum physics. While we have a mathematical framework to describe and predict entangled systems, the underlying physical mechanism behind entanglement remains a subject of ongoing investigation.